DSA65 Bubble Sort | Line By Line Code Explanation

Introduction

Welcome back to Robo Minions. In this AI interview preparation session, we discuss Bubble Sort. Before we dive into tracing the Bubble Sort code, please consider watching this video on a laptop or at least turning your mobile screen horizontally for a better viewing experience. If the code is unclear on your phone screen, I strongly recommend watching it on a laptop.

In this tutorial, I will utilize the back and next buttons in the Robo Minions AI interview preparation app. Please visit our website (the link is in the description) to download the app and start revising computer science concepts. Now, let's proceed with tracing the Bubble Sort algorithm.

Bubble Sort Code Tracing

1. Initialization

   #include <stdio.h>
   
   int main() (
       int data[] = {10, 4, 9, 20, 19, 3);
       int size = 6;
       bubbleSort(data, size);
       return 0;
   }
   

2. Bubble Sort Function

   void bubbleSort(int data[], int size) (
       for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
           for (int j = 0; j < size - 1; j++) {
               if (data[j] > data[j + 1]) {
                   int temp = data[j];
                   data[j] = data[j + 1];
                   data[j + 1] = temp;
               )
           }
       }
   }
   

3. Tracing the Code Execution

   • The code starts with #include <stdio.h>, followed by the main function.
   • An array data with elements (10, 4, 9, 20, 19, 3) is declared.
   • The array size is set as 6.
   • The bubbleSort function is called with data and size as arguments.
   • Inside bubbleSort, outer loop I starts from 0 to size-1 (5 in this case).
   • An inner loop J starts from 0 to size-1.
   • If data[j] > data[j + 1], the values are swapped.

   Detailed Step-by-Step Execution:

   • For i = 0:

     • For j = 0: 10 > 4 is true, swaps 10 and 4.
     • For j = 1: 10 > 9 is true, swaps 10 and 9.
     • For j = 2: 10 > 20 is false.
     • For j = 3: 20 > 19 is true, swaps 20 and 19.
     • For j = 4: 20 > 3 is true, swaps 20 and 3.

   • For i = 1:

     • For j = 0: 4 > 9 is false.
     • For j = 1: 9 > 10 is false.
     • For j = 2: 10 > 19 is false.
     • For j = 3: 19 > 3 is true, swaps 19 and 3.

   • For i = 2:

     • For j = 0: 4 > 9 is false.
     • For j = 1: 9 > 10 is false.
     • For j = 2: 10 > 3 is true, swaps 10 and 3.

   • For i = 3:

     • For j = 0: 4 > 9 is false.
     • For j = 1: 9 > 3 is true, swaps 9 and 3.

   • For i = 4:

     • For j = 0: 4 > 3 is true, swaps 4 and 3.

   • Array finally becomes sorted: (3, 4, 9, 10, 19, 20)

   • The final sorted array is displayed.

Overall, the time complexity of Bubble Sort is O(n^2). You can optimize the code yourself by exploring different variations. To trace the code and revise, download the Robo Minions AI interview preparation app from our website.

Thank you for watching. Visit Robo Minions for more tutorials.

Keywords

• Bubble Sort
• Array
• Swapping
• Time Complexity
• Nested Loops
• Sorting Algorithm

FAQ

Q1: What is the time complexity of Bubble Sort?

• The time complexity of Bubble Sort is O(n^2).

Q2: Can Bubble Sort be optimized?

• Yes, there are several ways to optimize Bubble Sort. For example, you can use a flag to check if any swapping occurred in an iteration to terminate early if the array is already sorted.

Q3: How does Bubble Sort work?

• Bubble sort repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. The pass-through process is repeated until the list is sorted.

Q4: In which cases is Bubble Sort effective?

• Bubble Sort is most effective when dealing with small datasets or when the list is already nearly sorted.

Q5: Is Bubble Sort a stable sorting algorithm?

• Yes, Bubble Sort is a stable sorting algorithm as it maintains the relative order of equal elements.

Q6: What is the space complexity of Bubble Sort?

• The space complexity of Bubble Sort is O(1) because it requires only a constant amount of additional memory space.

Happy coding and good luck with your interview preparations!